Loom for producing textile fabrics.



No. 878,707. I PATENTED FEB. 11, 1908. R. BEAUMONT & T. HOLLIS. LOOM FORPRODUCING TEXTILE FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 29, 1906.

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LOOM FOR PRODUCING TEXTILE FABRICS.

AIEPLIGATION Til-ED JAN. 29, 1906.

No. 878,707. YPATENTE'D FEB, 11 R. BEAUMONT & T. HOLLIS.

LOOM FOR PRODUCING TEXTILE FABRICS.

' APPLICATION FILED JAILZQ, 1906.

3 SHEETSBHEET nyzmgzzrqmmm UNITED OFFICE.

ROBERTS BEAUMONT, OF LEEDS, AND THOMAS HOLLIS, OF SHIPLEY, ENGLAND.

LOOM FOR PRODUCING TEXTILE FABRICS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 11, 1908.

Application filed January 29' 1906- Serial No. 298455.

ing, respectively, at 1 Grosvenor Terrace,

Headingley, Leeds, in the county of York, England, and 2 Thompsonstreet, Saltaire Road, Shipley, in the county of York, England, haveinvented new and useful Improve-v ments in or Relating to Looms forProducing Textile Fabrics, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in looms in which the shedding isfor the production of textile fabrics of the ordinary class, that is, inwhich the warp threads are parallel to each other, and the weft threadsare at or about a right angle thereto.

The said improvements are applicable to new or existing machines.

Hitherto in looms for producing textile fabrics, the hcald shafts forseparating the warp threads to form an opening through which the shuttlemay pass, and the slay or reed, hereafter termed a reed for beating upthe weft yarn have been placed at some distance from each other andactuated or used independently. Also in cross and guaze weaving, splitreeds and reeds with eyes have been employed for crossing the warpthreads, as well as in plain weaving a single reed has been used incombination with means fixed in a corresponding position to ordinaryhealds, relative to the going part for shedding the warp further, inhand looms for making certain types of hand tufted or knotted pilecarpets in which the warp is arranged vertically, a single reed has beenemployed to divide the warp threads.

Now the object of the present invention is to'dispense with the healdsas separately and ordinarily used and to combine them (the healds) inthe same or a modified form with the slay and the going part, or anyparts attached thereto, or working in conjunction with the going part,so that there shall be two or more units mounted upon the lay or goingpart and reciprocating in a direction at right angles to the warp planefor shedding the warp threads. The said two units consist of either areed and one or more healds, or of two or more reeds constructed ashereafter described by which provision is made for each warp thread tobe positively controlled and its position determined. We attain thisobject by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, inwhich- Figure 1. is a part front elevation of a loom with the breastbeam removed, and with this invention applied to the going part. Fig. 2.a part sectional elevation of an arrangement showing two reeds at theirhighest and lowest positions respectively,

applied to the going part of the loom. Fig. 3. an end elevation of same.Fig. 4. a part end elevation showing the reeds in their center positionfor beating up the weft yarn. Fig. 5. a front elevation of the reedcarrier. Fig. 6. a plan of the reed carrier cap. Fig. 7. a frontelevation of the end of a carrier for holding a reed and one of thepillars upon which the carrier slides. Fig. 8. an end elevation of apillar slide for the reed carrier. Fig. 9. a section of the reed carrieron line w, as, Fig. 5. Fig. 10. a part plan of the end of the reedcarrier and its guide. Fig. 11. a front elevation of one side of theguide brackets for racks attached to the reed carriers. Fig. 12. a backelevation of the same. Fig. 13. a plan of the same. Fig. 14. an enlargedside elevation of the reed strip. Fig. 15. anenlarged front elevation ofthe same. Fig. 16. an enlarged front elevation of two reed strips withdistance pieces between them. Fig. 17. the eye or heald portion of thereed strip drawn to a larger scale. The following are diagrammatic viewsof the reed. Fig. 18. is a group of diagrammatic views being elevationsand a plan of reed strips with eyes in position, and their position inthe reed with packings for spacing the reed strips. Fig. 19. a portionof a leaded reed. Fig. 20. one form of front reed to give increasedstrength for beating up. Fig. 21. another form of reed for the samepurpose. Fig. 22. one form of strip for operating two Warp threads. Fig.23. a portion of a front reed showing strips at various heights. Fig.24. an end elevation showing strips of the same. Figs. 25, 26, and 27.plans of arrangement of the reed strips. Fig. 28. is a front elevationof portion of reed with guides. Fig. 29. a plan of the same. Fig. 30. afront elevation of reed strips, and a portion of a frame for same withwith tenon guides. Fig. 33. a plan of same. Fig. 34. a plan of a portionof a reed frame with dovetail guides. Fig. 35. a part end elevationshowing the cap of the reed frames.

Like parts in all the views are marked with similar letters ofreference.

In the drawingsseveral arrangements of reeds are shown adapted forshedding purposes in carrying this invention into practice, but we woulddistinctly have it understood that no claim is made in thisspecification separately for such specific construction of reeds.

A is the framework of the loom; B the shuttle race, the top of which isabout level with the lowest position of the warp threads when the shedis formed. B (Fig. 2) an outline of the end of a shuttle of the flytype, that is, one that is automatically operated by a picking motion ofordinary construction for causing it to travel across the loom on therace B C the swords or upright arms fixed on the swing or rocking shaftD which is pivoted at b, b, to the lower portion of the framework. Thegoing part is fixed to the swords C in the usual manner. E (Fig. 2) isthe crank or driving shaft F the crank arm or link by which the crankshaft and the going part are connected; G (Fig. 4) the breast beam ofthe loom.

All the above described parts may be of the usual construction, andoperate in the ordinary way.

In the accompanying drawings two reed frames H, H, are shown, but theirnumber may be increased as occasion requires. The frames are mounted tomove freely in or on supports carried by the going part on the swords 0immediately at the rear of the shuttle race B. The frames H, H aremounted in carriers. Each carrier consists of bars, hereafter termedcaps P and Q, and end pieces J into or to which the frames H or H areplaced and fixed. The end pieces J are arranged to work on the eccentricvertical portions of the guides or pillars K, L, (Figs.

' 1 and 30) mounted in brackets 22 fixed to the swords (J and to thegoing part of the loom. The eccentric portions of said pillars areprovided for purpose of adjusting the front of the reeds and theircarriers in a line with the shuttle boXes. Or in place of the saidpillars the frames of the reed may be shaped to work, say, in V-shapedguides M, (Figs. 28 and 29) or square shaped tenons N, (Figs. 32 and33), or dovetailed 0, (Fig. 34). The said guides have a double functionto perform, first, to control the reeds during the shedding of the warp;and second, to maintain the reeds in a n'rm position during theoscillation of the going part and particularly during the beating up ofthe weft. The said reeds are employed for shedding, and the one nearestthe fell of the cloth also for beating up the weft yarn. Each reed isplaced or fixed with its frame in U-shaped or grooved caps P, Q, (Fig.5). The caps are fixed to the end pieces J The caps P, Q, may be plain,as at Fig. 5, or provided with projecting rods 7, (Fig. 85) adapted towork through rails fixed to the going part but not shown in thedrawings. 1n the said caps are mounted the reeds carrying the wires orstrips, hereafter termed the strips B. Each strip R possesses thefollowing features, one or more mail or heald eyes T, and one or moreholes U on each side of the heald eyes T, through which bars I are madeto pass for holding the strips It in position. The spacing of thestripslt is effected by means of distance pieces V. The strips R consistof thin pieces of metal, such as are shown at Figs. 14 and 15, and theymay be formed by rolling, or stamping, or punching, or by a combinationof such processes, and formed in such a manner that when the strips Itare threaded upon the bars I, the eyes through which the warp threadspass are at or about a right angle to the bars I and the reed frame. Orthe consecutive strips may be fastened together at the top and bottom ina somewhat similar manner to that employed for what are known as leadedreeds, (Fig. 19). The eyes used as mail or heald eyes T, are formed inany required position on the strips, and they are of any suitable sizeand shape. Also the said eyes in use may be either plain, or they maybe-but not necessarily solined, or blocked, or bushed with metal, orporcelain, or glass, or enamel, or any other substance, in order to makethem perfectly smooth for enabling the warp threads to pass through themfreely.

A mail or heald eye T is provided for each of the warp threads 20, 21,whereby the movement of each warp thread is positively controlled duringthe shedding operations by the movement of the reeds H, H

In the drawings each strip is shown to consist of a thin piece of metalwith one or more holes T of a convenient size and shape formed thereinas shown at Figs. 14 and 22. The longitudinal sides or walls 1,, 29,(Figs. 15 and 17) of the holes T are also pressed outwards in anopposite direction in order to form the eye when the strips are placededgeway as shown at Figs. 15, 16, and 17. When the strip is in positionin the reed, as at Fig. 16, the eye so formed is of greater length thanwidth.

The relative distance apart of bars I varies for different depths ofsheds, consequently the reed strips will require to be varied in lengthor depth to correspond.

When more than one reed is used, the whole, or any portion of the stripsin one of the reeds may vary in length or depth from those in the otherreeds, or the strips in each reed may be of the same or varying lengthsor depths, or mounted as shown at Fig. 23.

' each group as shown.

In this figure it will be seen on reference to the end view that thereare two sets of strips B, one set with the eyes T near the bottom, andthe other set with the eyes T near the top. This permits of all theheald eyes when placed in position being in a line at or about thecenter of the reed as shown. The strips R are arranged ingroups withaspace between In some cases the space is above the two center bars Iand in other cases below the said bars. The strips 1 forming each reedand the eyes in the strips are arranged either in a line with eachother, as at Fig. 18, or they are arranged in groups as at Fig. 23, orin series behind each other as at Figs. 25 and 26, and as may berequired. More than one eye T may be formed in each strip, as at Fig.22, or the strips in a series may consist of wires with eyes and withouteyes arranged in any order as may be required.

The reed frames H, H rise or fall to form an opening for the shuttle,and the shed is closed by bringing them into a suitable position aftereach pick for the purpose of beating-up the weft, by mechanism, such asfor example, by tappets, and levers, or racks, and gearing, or any ofthe methods usually employed for shedding. In the drawings the saidmotion is obtained by means of racks and spur pinions arranged to beactuated as follows '.The rocking shaft D (Fig. 3) may, in crosssection, be of T-shaped girder, or any other convenient form. On itsupper surface is mounted and fixed a number,-say, three, more orless,-of

bearers X connected at their opposite ends vto the shuttle race B.

On the two outer bearers are fixed the guide'brackets Y (Figs. 11 to 13)for the racks Z and 1 which are fixed to and hang pendently from the endpiece J of the reed carrier. tions 2 and 3 of the said racks are bent asshown at Fig. 3, and made to work in the recess 4 (Fig. 18) of thebracket Y. The recessed portion of the bracket is made to project fromthe edge of the bearer, and the bracket is provided with an L-shapedextension projecting piece 5 by which it is fixed to the bearer. Theinner faces of the racks Z and 1 have spur teeth 6 formed thereonadapted to engage with the spur pinion 7 mounted upon a shaft 8 carriedin bearings 9 fixed to the bearers X. A bracket Y, two racksZ and 1, anda spur wheel 7 are provided at each end of the shaft 8 and of the reedframe. At Fig. 1, one of the brackets Y is removed. Motion is impartedto the shaft 8 for partially rotating it from a cam 1.0 mounted upon theshaft 11 through a runner 12 (Fig. 2) mounted upon a lever 13 fulcrumedto a bracket (not shown in the drawings) fixed to the framework at asuitable distance to the rear of the cam. The front end of the lever 13is slotted at 14 and The back pormade to engage with a pin 15 fixed toan endless chain 16 arranged to be intermittently reciprocatedrespectively around the upper and lower peripheries of the sprocketwheels 17 and 18, one of which is mounted loosely upon the reducedportion 19 (Fig. 1) of the rocking shaft D, and the other sprocket wheelis fixed firmly upon the shaft 8. If desired, the shaft 8 may be made towholly rotate. As the shaft 8 rotates, one of the reed frames will beraised while the other will be lowered. By imparting motion as describedto the reed frames H, H and their carriers, they may be raised andlowered during the oscillation of the going part.

The herein described reeds and reed car riers may be treated as ordinaryhealds so far as the production of the woven pattern is concerned, andtheir number and fineness may be consequently varied.

In some cases it may be found advisable to use healds similar inconstruction to those ordinarily used, with the reed herein described,or of the usual type, but all operated upon and carried by the goingpart.

The action of the herein described mechanism is as follows :The shuttlehaving been placed, say, at one end of the race B, an oscillating motionis imparted to the going part fixed to the swords C by the crank shaft Ethrough the crank arms or links F.

As the going part is thus drawn into a backward position, the cam 10,levers 13, pin 15, chain 16, sprocket wheels 17, 18, spur pinions 7, andracks Z, 1, will have been moved into position as shown at Fig. 2. Whenthe going part is in this position one of the reeds will have beenraised and the other reed lowered to form a passage for the shut tlebetween the warp threads 20, 21. The cam 10 rotates with shaft 11, andwhen the forward movement of the going parttakes place, a "change iseffected in the position of the lever 13 and pin 15 for bringing thereeds into the level position, shown at Fig. 4. The shed being closed,the beating up of the weft yarn can take place and be accomplished bythe front reed.

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

1. In the looms of the character described, the combination of theframework, a rock ing shaft pivoted thereto, swords fixed to saidrocking shaft, shuttle race fixed to said swords, bearers having one endfixed to the rocking shaft and the other end to the shuttle race,brackets fixed to the swords and going part, each bracket having mountedtherein two vertical eccentric guide pillars,

,reed carriers mounted to slide freely upon the said guide pillarsduring the oscillation of the swords, and means for causing the reedcarriers to rise and fall, substantially as described.

2. In looms of the character described, the

combination of a rocking shaft pivoted to the framework, two swordscarrying the shuttle race, a number of bearers fixed thereto at suitabledistances apart, means for oscillating the said swords, brackets fixedto said swords and having Vertical guides, reed frames provided withends adapted to fit and slide upon the said guides, and means forintermittently operating the reed frames during the oscillation of theswords, substantially as described.

3. In looms of the character described, the combination of a rockingshaft pivoted to the framework, two swords carrying the shuttle race anumber of bearers fixed to the shuttle race at suitable distances apart,means for oscillating the said swords, brackets fixed to said swords andhaving vertical guides, reed carriers provided with ends adapted to fitand slide upon the said guides, means for intermittently operating thereed frames during the oscillating of the swords, a number of reedstrips, mounted at distances apart upon bars, and having eyes formedtherein for the passage of the Warp threads, whereby the warp threadsare separated as the said reed frames rise and fall for forming apassage for the shuttle, and for beating upon the weft yarn,substantially as described.

4. The combination in a loom of the character described, of theoscillating swords having brackets fixed thereto, and having verticalguides, a'reed carrier composed of two end pieces provided with verticalgrooves, two grooved horizontal caps fixed to said end pieces atdistances apart, reeds adapted to fit the vertical grooves of the endpieces, reeds adapted to fit the horizontal grooves of the caps, havingheald eyes formed. in the reed strips, substantially as described.

5. The combination of the loom swords, means for oscillating them, ashuttle race fixed to said swords, on the top of which a number of thewarp threads rest when the shed is formed, a shuttle supported by said lrace during its passage across the loom, a number of reeds as describedmounted vertically side by side and adapted to slide on guides fixedupon said swords, the reed having a number of perforations for thepassage of the warp threads through them, and

means for automatically raising and lowering the reeds, whereby eachwarp thread is l positively controlled and its position determined bythe movement of stantially as described.

6. In looms of the character described, the combination of a rockingshaft pivoted to the framework of the loom, swords fixed to said shaft,means for oscillating the same, a shuttle race fixedto said swords andgoing part, brackets fixed to said going part, pillars mounted in saidbrackets, reed carriers mounted to slide upon the pillars, spur racksfixed pendently to the ends of each reed carrier, spur pinions meshingwith said' racks forintermittently lifting and depressing the reedcarriers, a shaft upon which the spur pinions are fixed, sprocket wheelsmounted respectively upon the said shaft and the rocking shaft, anendless chain passing partially around said sprocket wheels and meansfor imparting an intermittent motion to said chain from a shaft of theloom, substantially as describec.

7. In looms of the character described, the combination of a rockingshaft pivoted to the framework of the loom, swords fixed to said shaft,means for oscillating the same, a shuttle race fixed to said swords andgoing the reeds, subpart, brackets fixed to said going part,

pillars mounted upon said brackets, reed carriers mounted upon thepillars, and provided with grooved end. pieces and caps adapted to befixed to said end pieces, reed strips ar ranged vertically in groups ina frame, with heald eyes formed therein as described, spur racks fixedpendently to the ends of said reed carrier, pinions meshing with saidracks, means for intermittently lifting and depressing the reedcarriers, a shaft upon which the spur pinions are fixed, sprocket wheelsmounted respectively upon the said shaft and the rocking shaft, anendless chain passing partially around said sprocket wheels, and meansfor imparting an intermittent motion to said chain from substantially asdescribed. I

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ROBERTS BEAUMONT. THOMAS HOLLIS.

a shaft of the loom,

